This suitability of this low-cost CE material for use in DSSCs has been established.ĭye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), an alternative form of planner silicon solar cells, have been extensively explored due to their low cost, ease of fabrication, simplicity and design versatility. Moreover, FP-2:5 presented a more highly efficient electrode than counter electrodes made from PEDOT:PSS mixed with MoO (3.08%) and CoO (3.65%). Fly ash mixed with PEDOT:PSS in a concentration ratio of 2:5 g/mL showed a high efficiency of 4.23%, which is comparable to Pt DSSC's (4.84%). The performance of DSSCs made from FP counter electrodes varied depending on the percentage of fly ash particles present. CV, Tafel, and EIS analyses indicated a decrease in charge transfer resistance and an increased catalytic activity in the counter electrodes. A significantly high efficiency solar cell was fabricated utilizing fly ash.

XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDX, and BET analyses were used to elucidate the crystal structure, morphology, and functional groups of fly ash in the current research. A doctor blade was used to coat FTO-glass with a composite film of mixed fly ash and PEDOT:PSS (FP). Fly ash solid waste from a power plant was applied in a solar cell application for the first time.

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